To distinguish between different authors with the same last name, use the authors’ initials (or, if the initials are the same, full first names) in your in-text citations: Citing different authors with the same last name(A. Different authors with the same last name In this example, the first source is a whole book, so the title appears in italics the second is an article published in a journal, so the title appears in quotation marks. Citing multiple sources by the same author(Butler, Gender Trouble 27) If you cite more than one work by the same author, add a shortened title to signal which source you are referring to. If your Works Cited page includes more than one entry under the same last name, you need to distinguish between these sources in your in-text citations. Citing different sources with the same author name Note that if there are no numbered divisions and you have already named the author in your sentence, then no parenthetical citation is necessary. Include only the author’s name (or, if there is no author, the shortened title). Include the time range as displayed in the media player. Include the act, scene, and line numbers, separated by periods, instead of a page number. Citing sources with no page numbers in MLA Source typeĪdd a comma after the author and give a paragraph, section, or chapter number with a relevant abbreviation. Don’t include paragraph numbers unless they are explicitly numbered in the source.
If the source does not use any numbering system, include only the author’s name in the in-text citation. chapters, sections, scenes, Bible books and verses, Articles of the Constitution, or timestamps), use these numbers to locate the relevant passage. If a source does not have page numbers but is divided into numbered parts (e.g. National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Academy
Shortening titles in MLA in-text citations Full source title or organization nameĪmnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the World’s Human Rights a page on a website or a chapter of a book), put the title in quotation marks. a whole website or an entire book), put the title in italics if the source is contained within a larger whole (e.g. The shortened title or organization name should begin with the word the source is alphabetized by in the Works Cited.įollow the general MLA rules for formatting titles: If the source is a self-contained work (e.g. If the source title or organization name is longer than four words, shorten it to the first word or phrase in the in-text citation, excluding any articles ( a, an, and the). This may be the name of an organization, or the title of the source. Citing sources with no authorįor sources with no named author, the in-text citation must match the first element of the Works Cited entry. If you cite something else in between or start a new paragraph, reintroduce the full citation again to avoid ambiguity. You can do this as long as it remains clear what source you’re citing. It is more popular than Chicago style, but less popular than APA (21). MLA is the second most popular citation style (Smith and Morrison 17–19). If you cite the same source repeatedly within a paragraph, you can include the full citation the first time you cite it, then just the page number for subsequent citations. Livestock farming is one of the biggest global contributors to climate change (Garcia 64 Davies 14).
Separate the two sources with a semicolon. If a sentence is supported by more than one source, you can combine the citations in a single set of parentheses.
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